In this episode Zeinab Badawi visits rarely seen historic sites and magnificent ruins in Mali and Mauritania in west Africa. We hear from Africans about how trans-Saharan trade, mainly in gold, meant that by about the 7th century rich kingdoms became established in West Africa. These eventually gave rise to three of the greatest empires on the continent, including the Mali Empire which began in the 13th century. Under armed guard, Zeinab visits the fabled city of Timbuktu, which was overrun by extremists in 2012. Mali’s ruler Mansa Musa was reputedly the wealthiest individual to have ever lived. She brings a rich narrative of a period in Africa’s history when it was a significant player in the world economy, and influenced global thinking through great centres of learning.

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History documentary on the Mali Cavalry, Knights of Africa! Dive into this period with the book "Griots Tell No Lies" (US link https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CSBMW7MN?ref_=cm_sw_r_apin_dp_NG25M2V1BX5WB4DX8J2E&language=en-US) (UK link
https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0CSBMW7MN?nodl=1&ref_=cm_sw_r_apin_dp_6DQJ88KWK1X5AMYGFBNN&language=en-GB&dplnkId=d5c97219-e5b5-4894-a102-23b3a618ceb1)

In this Units of History episode we turn our attention beyon the traditional confines of medieval history to explore the realm of West Africa and in particular the African Knights of the Mali Empire. We begin with a general overview of the region's geography which spans the vast, diverse lands between the Sahrara desert and the Atlantic ocean.

We then explore the rise of the Ghana Empire which set the stage for our story. Upon this great power's fall in the 11th century of Medieval Africa, the region would fall into conflict. For a time the Sosso rose as successors. However they would be challenged by the southern Mandinka people. Their clash for the fate of the realm would be decided by the charge of heavy cavalry. But to understand the dynamics of this fight we cover the equipment, training, tactics, and organization of these Knights of Africa.

Sources:
Spring, Christopher, African Arms and Armour, British Museum Press, 1993
Walker, Robin, When We Ruled: The Ancient and Medieval History of Black Civilizations, Black Classic Press, 2011
Diop, Cheikh Anta, Precolonial Black Africa, A Cappella Books, 1988
Niane, Djibril Tamsir, Sundiata: an Epic of Old Mali, Pearson Longman; 2nd edition, 2006

Music:
"Desert Night" by Luke PN
"Heart of Africa" by Luke PN
"Life in Africa" by Luke PN

Credits:
Research = J. Bela
Script = Invicta
Narration = Guy Michaels
Art = Penta Limited

Other Units of Africa
Nubian Archers https://youtu.be/qvO3_kYRRw8?si=uZU_v0llG8EEWzwS
Numidian Cavalry https://youtu.be/3tv7EbkrX38?si=Od9YOK0f5umzjyBZ
Sacred Band of Carthage https://youtu.be/oX3y1GYcCEY?si=Wwn6eKMQPyAb-ww4
Carthaginian War Elephants https://youtu.be/hDSRHGFCWEo?si=FCL-J7gUvR_vS9Zl

Timestamps
00:00 Intro
02:57 West Africa
07:00 Origins
10:08 Equipment
15:29 Blacksmithing
16:43 Training
20:53 Organization
22:56 Service History
26:20 Outro

#africa #history #documentary

What do you know about the many African countries? Have you ever visited any of the famous landmarks? Learn all about this beautiful continent in Facts about Africa for Kids. You and your students will discover just how amazing Africa is.

Almost right off the bat, you and your kids will learn that Africa is considered the Mother Continent or Cradle of Mankind. The reason is that Africa is the oldest inhabited continent on the earth. In fact, scientists have found fossils of humans and their ancestors through every stage of evolution. Africa is divided into 54 countries, which is the most of any continent. It is home to over 3,000 indigenous peoples, over 1,000 languages, and has a total population of 1.1 billion people.

Africa is surrounded by water, and its landmass is divided almost equally in half by the equator. The terrain includes a variety of habitats, including mountains, tropical rainforests, savannahs, and deserts. With such a variety of terrain, it's no wonder there is also a lot of different animals as well. These include lions, elephants, hippopotamuses, and zebras. But it also includes gorillas, snakes, and other tropical animals. You may be surprised to learn that the most dangerous animal toward humans is not a lion or crocodile. It's actually the hippo! Hippos are the most likely animal to attack a human.

We hope you and your student(s) enjoyed learning about the countries of Africa! If you want to learn even more, head over to our website and download one of our many free lesson plans about this cool continent, full of activities, worksheets, and more!

https://learnbright.org/lesson....s/social-studies/all
https://learnbright.org/lesson....s/social-studies/the

What you will learn in Facts about Africa for Kids:
0:00 Introduction to Africa
0:32 Cradle of Mankind and Mother Continent
1:38 Geography of Africa
2:13 Where is Africa and what does it look like?
3:11 The countries in Africa
4:14 The Nile River and other famous geographical features
5:09 The Pyramids of Giza and other attractions
6:13 African animals
7:06 Review of the facts

Thank you for watching and learning with us! We’re constantly releasing new content and videos, so click that “Subscribe” button and you’ll get notified.

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*Teachers and Parents! Did you know? In addition to these great videos, we have also created a library of high-quality and engaging lessons for your elementary aged student(s). Visit us and sign up for a free account, and you'll instantly have access to thousands of lesson plans, learning materials, teaching instructions, activities, and assignments that your kids will really enjoy! We hope to see you soon!

Browse our entire collection of Social Studies lesson plans: https://learnbright.org/lessons/?filter_subject=social-studies

#FactsAboutAfricaForKids
#ContinentOfAfrica

Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/historydose. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch “China’s Forbidden City: the Center of the World” and the rest of MagellanTV’s history collection: https://www.magellantv.com/watch/chinas-forbidden-city?type=e&episode=the-center-of-the-world
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Booming cities on the eastern coast of Africa come in contact with dynastic China in the 8th century. For centuries, rumors and sporadic contact bring the two distant worlds ever closer. Then, in the 15th century, Zheng He leads a massive expedition to Africa. This is what he saw.
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A special thanks to all of our Patreon supporters, especially:
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SOURCES

Jinyuan, G. (1984). China and Africa: The Development of Relations over Many Centuries. African Affairs. African Affairs, 83(331), 241–250. https://doi.org/10.2307/721561

Chirikure, S. (2014). Land and Sea Links: 1500 years of connectivity between Southern Africa and the Indian Ocean Rim regions, AD 700 to 1700. African Archaeological Review, 31(4), 705–724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-014-9171-6

Dashu, Q. (2022, April 9). An investigation of Chinese ceramics discovered in Kenya and major conclusions. ART.ZIP. Retrieved August 31, 2022, from https://www.artzip.org/investi....gation-chinese-ceram

Levathes, L. (1994). When China ruled the seas: The treasure fleet of the dragon throne, 1405-1433. Oxford University Press.
A key secondary source for Zheng He's voyages.

Nuwer, R. (2013, March 15). Six centuries ago, Chinese explorers left this coin behind in Africa. Smithsonian.com. Retrieved August 31, 2022, from https://www.smithsonianmag.com..../smart-news/six-cent

Smidt, W. G. C. (2001). A Chinese in the Nubian and Abyssinian Kingdoms (8th century). Chroniques Yéménites, (9). https://doi.org/10.4000/cy.33

Snow, P. (1989). The Star Raft: China's encounter with Africa. Cornell University Press.
This work provided much of the information on Chinese-African contact prior to Zheng He.

Sudnik, M. (2021, February 23). Cultural Exchange in the tang dynasty - the journey of a tomb figure. Smithsonian's National Museum of Asian Art. Retrieved August 31, 2022, from https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-....educators/teaching-c

Tagliacozzo, E. (2022). From China to Africa: Prolegomenon. In In Asian waters: Oceanic worlds from Yemen to Yokohama (pp. 25–51). essay, Princeton University Press.

The African continent is famous for its poverty… But many people don’t know the complete reason why Africa is so poor. In this video we will look from the point when African countries were rich and powerful, how over the centuries Africa lost its wealth, and why Africa hasn’t been able to crawl out of it’s poverty while so many other countries and former colonies have.

Social Media

Discord: https://discord.gg/JYCYPvqba6
Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/HistoryScope/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/ScopeHistory
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/officialhistoryscope/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/averythingchannel/

My music playlist while animating: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLSxw_OLJxQj

SOURCES
https://www.economist.com/brie....fing/2015/08/01/lear
https://www2.deloitte.com/cont....ent/dam/Deloitte/fpc
https://academicjournals.org/a....rticle/article142504
The history of African poverty by numbers: Evidence and vantage points https://www.mortenjerven.com/w....p-content/uploads/20
https://www.asbmb.org/asbmb-to....day/science/020113/g
https://academicjournals.org/a....rticle/article142504
Keith Somerville's 'Africa's Long Road Since Independence'
All articles in this series: https://www.economist.com/spec....ial-report/2020/03/2
Ethnic groups in Africa: https://upload.wikimedia.org/w....ikipedia/commons/1/1

FURTHER READING
https://www2.deloitte.com/cont....ent/dam/Deloitte/fpc

FURTHER WATCHING:
Likely future for Africa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqRVlGFNn60
Africa before the Scramble: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aIcNzN0zmqU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXFcGj_CsmY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfTZfJoUb84
Credits
Pictures of Arnaldo Tamayo. Author: Escla - https://creativecommons.org/li....censes/by-sa/4.0/dee

In this episode Zeinab Badawi travels to Angola, DRC and Congo in central Africa to bring the history of the great Kongo Empire. She hears about the critical role played by women in African history such as Queen Nzinga who battled the Portuguese for a quarter of a century in the 1600s and a few decades later Kimpa Vita who was burned alive after her failed resistance. Why were Africans unable to resist the tide of European control? One woman of nearly 100 relates her memory of Belgian rule in the Congo, during what became known as the 'Scramble for Africa’.

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Author/historians Dr. Yosef Ben-Jochannan (Dr. Ben) and Professor George Simmonds discuss the untold truths in Religion and Western Culture in relation to African-Americans in this one hour TV show produced at the University of Montevallo (Alabama) circa 1987. Presented for historical purposes. I do not own the rights.

#####
Reelblack's mission is to educate, elevate, entertain, enlighten, and empower through Black film. If there is content shared on this platform that you feel infringes on your intellectual property, please email me at Reelblack@mail.com and info@reelblack.com with details and it will be promptly removed.

Study Reveals Black Americans Aren’t Descendants of Black Slaves But Hidden Native Original People!

Who are the ancestors of African Americans? Well, most African Americans believe that the majority of their DNA has roots in Africa, while the remaining has roots in native American tribes and Europe. This is often backed by genetic studies that reveal that African Americans have 73.2 percent African DNA, 24 percent European DNA and 0.8 percent Native American DNA.
This makes everyone believe that they are majorly descendants of Black slaves. But what if we tell you that it’s wrong? You have been intentionally told so. In fact, studies reveal that about 98 percent of African Americans have native American roots. So, why were you lied to and what do they want to hide?
The fact suggesting that Black people in America are descendants of native Black Indian tribes who lived on the continent before Columbus challenges the widely accepted historical account that most Black Americans are primarily descendants of African slaves brought to America between the 16th and 19th centuries.
In mainstream historical understanding, the transatlantic slave trade brought millions of Africans to the Americas, including what is now the United States, as forced labourers. Evidence such as shipping records, historical documents, and genetic studies supports the narrative that over generations, these African ancestors formed a significant part of the Black population in America.
Proponents of the alternative theory argue that there were indigenous Black populations in America, the Black Indian tribes, long before Columbus's arrival in 1492. They point to various pieces of evidence, including ancient artifacts depicting figures with African-like features found across the Americas. Even genetic studies prove this argument.
Additionally, some Native American oral traditions include references to dark-skinned peoples living among them, which supporters of the theory interpret as evidence of a pre-Columbian Black presence.
Accounts from early European explorers, like Christopher Columbus, have been cited by proponents of the theory as describing encounters with dark-skinned people in the Americas. These accounts are suggested to indicate the presence of indigenous Black populations.
Genetic studies have played a crucial role in understanding human migration and ancestry, supporting the mainstream view that the majority of Black Americans have ancestry tracing back to West and Central Africa, consistent with the history of the transatlantic slave trade. Proponents of the indigenous Black Indian theory contend that genetic studies may overlook or misinterpret complexities of indigenous and African admixture, challenging these interpretations.
Critics of the native Black Indian theory highlight methodological concerns, pointing out that the evidence presented often lacks rigorous scientific validation. They stress the importance of corroborating evidence from multiple sources, including archaeological, genetic, and historical records.
It's essential for Black individuals to comprehend black history to truly understand their cultural heritage and identity. Watching documentaries about black culture offers deep insights into the challenges and successes of Black communities. Examining the history of slavery and its effects on Black lives is crucial for recognizing and addressing systemic injustices. Black literature offers a diverse range of stories that mirror the variety and strength of Black experiences. Embracing black identity involves appreciating the depth and diversity of Black culture. Learning about black history facts empowers Black individuals to take control of their narrative and advocate for social justice.


#Blackhistory #Blackhistoryslavery #Blackpeopleancestors #Blackpeopleancestory #BlackIndianAmericantribes

Chicken Gizzard Curry Recipe

https://youtu.be/wCy__SqHhvk

Vegetable Pulao Recipe

https://youtu.be/wCy__SqHhvk

Today, we cooked a crispy fried chicken recipe using 500 chicken legs. We used a batter mixed with hand-ground masalas. We cook this chicken recipe on a rainy day, and this day is best for tasting hot and crispy chicken legs.

Jah Vinci - God Up (Official Video)

Download/Stream https://onerpm.link/JahVinci-GodUp
Produced by Wikid Media Music / Now or Never
#GodUp #JahVinci

http://vevo.ly/6TEQci

Wicked song by Kazayah.

Heavy Digi-Roots/Steppers style.

This one is wicked as hell to me.

Big up the producers Jahcoustix and Jah Schulz!!


Instagram:
@selectoralibaba
@iamkazayah

Music video by Jah Vinci performing Affi Mek It (Official Video).

http://vevo.ly/ezkdds

https://itunes.apple.com/us/al....bum/wake-up/id738523

Official music video clip for "Jah Shine" the first song off the album "One Dance" released May 13, 2016 from Harrison Stafford & The Professor Crew. (www.harrisonstafford.com)

Purchase link Worldwide:
► CD: http://groundation.com/…/harri....son-stafford-the-pro
► Digital: https://itunes.apple.com/…/one....-dance-feat.-pro…/id

Purchase link Europe:
► VINYL: http://bit.ly/onedancealbum_LP
► CD: http://bit.ly/onedancealbum_CD
► Digital: https://HarrisonStaffordandThe....ProfessorCrew.lnk.to

"Where Would I Be" Performed by Jah Vinci
“Righteous Path Riddim EP” by Reef Ent Records & SDMG Available for DOWNLOADS and STREAMS!
https://linktr.ee/reefentrecords

Song: Where Would I Be
Artist: Jah Vinci
Album: Righteous Path Riddim
Produced by: Reef Ent Records & SDMG
Video by: JoJoink Designs & Ghost Studio

Follow on IG:
Jah Vinci:- https://www.instagram.com/realjahvinci/?hl=en
Reef Ent Records:- https://instagram.com/reefentr....ecords?utm_medium=co
SDMG:- https://instagram.com/shelly_b....oy?utm_medium=copy_l



#JahVinci #WhereWouldIBe #RighteousPathRiddim #ReefEntRecords #SDMG

http://vevo.ly/W2QDBv

Provided to YouTube by VP Records

Rise & Shine · Beres Hammond

Music Is Life

℗ 2005 VP Music Group, Inc.

Auto-generated by YouTube.

Provided to YouTube by CDBaby

Jah Glory · Glen Washington

Gems from Glen Washington

℗ 2012 Glen Washington

Released on: 2012-02-01

Auto-generated by YouTube.

Roots Reggae